In the South Korea of the 1970s and 1980s, Ahn Byung-mu, Suh Nam-dong, and a circle of Protestant pastors and thinkers joined the wider minjung cultural movement of artists, labor organizers, and students. They wrote a theology from below, drawing on Korean popular memory and the suffering of the people as a site of God’s presence. Several were imprisoned, several were removed from their university posts, and all continued to think and write.